Bienestar emocional, percepciones y actitudes frente a la COVID-19 en adolescentes / Emotional well-being, perceptions and attitudes against COVID-19 on adolescents

Introducción: La pandemia mundial por SARS-CoV-2 ha ocasionado un gran impacto en la vida de los adolescentes afectando el bienestar infanto-juvenil, sin embargo, existe escasa evidencia del efecto que ha tenido a nivel emocional en esta población. Objetivo: Explorar los conocimientos, percepciones y actitudes de los jóvenes frente a la COVID-19 y el impacto provocado en el bienestar emocional. Material y método: Estudio observacional transversal y descriptivo, a partir de una encuesta realizada a alumnos de 16-20 años de cinco institutos del área metropolitana de Barcelona. Resultados: El estudio se efectuó sobre 291 encuestas. De los participantes, 56,7% fueron mujeres. La edad media fue de 16,8 años y la mediana de 17 años. Se detectó un mayor desconocimiento sobre la transmisión de la enfermedad. Las fuentes de información más utilizadas fueron las redes sociales. En cuanto al malestar emocional, destaca la preocupación por enfermar (64%), los problemas económicos familiares (46%), la ansiedad e irritabilidad (27%) y la apatía (26,5%). Se detectan diferencias entre géneros en cuanto a la preocupación (mujeres: 28,8%, hombres: 11,1%), tristeza (mujeres: 29,3%, hombres: 15,5%) y sensación de tener miedo (mujeres: 24,5%, hombres 11%). De los sujetos, 16,7% consultaron con un profesional de salud mental, siendo más frecuente en mujeres (23,8%, hombres: 7,4%). Conclusiones: La COVID-19 ha afectado el bienestar emocional de los adolescentes, sobre todo en la población femenina. Se detecta un mayor uso de las redes sociales para evitar el aislamiento social. Los resultados del estudio pueden ayudar a diseñar estrategias para evitar malestares futuros en el ámbito biopsicosocial.(AU)

Introduction: The worldwide pandemic of SARS-Cov2 has had a great impact on the lives of adolescents, affecting their health and well-being. There is little evidence of the emotional impact of the pandemic on adolescents. Objectiv: To explore the knowledge, perceptions, and attitudes of young people regarding COVID-19 and its impact on emotional well-being. Method: A cross-sectional observational and descriptive study based on a survey of students aged 16–20 from five high schools in Barcelona metropolitan area. Results: The study was carried out on 291 surveys. Females made up 56.7% of the population. The average age was 16.9 years. A greater lack of knowledge about the transmission of the disease was detected. The most frequently used sources of information were social networks. In terms of emotional distress, the most important aspects were worry about getting sick (64%), family financial problems (46%), anxiety and irritability (27%), and apathy (26.5%). Gender differences were detected in terms of worries (women: 28.8%; men: 11.1%), sadness (women: 29.3%, men: 15.5%), and feelings of fear (women: 24.5%; men: 11%). 16.7% of the participants consulted a mental health professional, with this being more common in women (women: 23.8%; men: 7.4%). Conclusions: COVID-19 has affected the emotional well-being of adolescents, especially the female population. It is necessary to implement emotional well-being strategies in early childhood to cope with possible stressful situations in daily life and avoid future mental health problems. There is a growing use of social media to combat social isolation. The results of the study hold the potential to strategies aimed at preempting forthcoming biopsychosocial distress.(AU)

Editorial: Equity, diversity and inclusion in child and adolescent mental health - a perspective from the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry (AACAP).

Advancing diversity, equity and inclusion (DEI) are key priorities for the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry (AACAP). AACAP was founded in 1953. The mission of the AACAP includes promoting the healthy development of all children, adolescents, and families through advocacy, education, and research. AACAP's Presidential Initiative of CAPture Belonging's goal was to prioritize diversity, equity, inclusion and belonging to create transformational and sustainable changes in the organization and child and adolescent psychiatry. The presidential initiative's strategy had three pillars: advancing diversity, equity, inclusion, and belonging (DEIB) in all program and services, creating a pipeline for diverse child and adolescent psychiatrists, and monitoring DEIB activities and progress. A presidential task force was created and charged with implementing a 2-year action plan and strategy. A 5-point action plan prioritized: awareness, advocacy, workforce and professional development, national partnerships, and sustainability. Focusing on DEIB for any organization enriches the work, community and success that can be achieved. AACAP is proud to have committed to this DEIB path and has already experienced success through continuous membership growth, membership engagement, and record attendance at annual meetings and volunteer involvement. These accomplishments can only enhance AACAP's ability to serve the mission of promoting the healthy development of all children, adolescents, and families through advocacy, education, and research.

Editorial: Equity, diversity and inclusion in child and adolescent mental health - equality of opportunities should be every child's right and every society's obligation.

Socio-ecological factors are major determinants of poor mental health across the life span. These factors can lead to health inequalities, which refer to differences in the health of individuals or groups (Kirkbride et al., 2024). Health inequity "is a specific type of health inequality that denotes an unjust, avoidable, systematic and unnecessary difference in health" (Arcaya, Arcaya, & Subramanian, 2015). Among several intersecting social adversities, inequity is one of the most pervasive contributors to poor mental health across all regions (Venkatapuram & Marmot, 2023). Structural inequity creates institutional power structures that marginalise large sections of the population and concentrate resources in the hands of a small minority (Shim, Kho, & Murray-García, 2018). The world is now more prosperous than it has ever been, yet the world is witnessing more within country inequality with the vast majority of the world's resources in the hands of a small minority of individuals or regions (United Nations, 2020).

Parent-child conflict and adolescent health literacy in Mexico: Results from a nationwide dyad study in Mexico.

Research suggests that health literacy (HL) is critical in preventing and managing health problems. However, over half of adults in Mexico report having inadequate health literacy. Research suggests the parent-child relationship can be a key predictor of developmental competencies; however, little research has examined how dyadic family interactions relate to HL. This study examined whether parent-child relationship conflict was associated with adolescent health literacy among families living in Mexico. Data from a parent-child dyads in Mexico were gathered using online surveys (N = 746, 373 parent-child dyads). Our findings suggested that child-reported family conflict-but not parent-reported family conflict - was associated with lower adolescent health literacy. Researchers and practitioners should consider how parent-child conflict may impact adolescent health outcomes, and prioritise child reports in data collection.

Nurse facilitated 5000 m running at Parkrun improves vulnerable adolescent health in a high deprivation area: A matched pair randomized control trial.

OBJECTIVE: To examine the effect of weekly nurse facilitated 5000 m running at Parkrun on markers of health in vulnerable adolescents from a high deprivation area. DESIGN: A matched pair randomized control trial. SAMPLE: Twenty-five adolescents aged 13-18, 90% identifying as Maori/Pasifika ethnicity. INTERVENTION: The intervention (INT) group participated in 6-10 Parkruns within 10 weeks, and a control group (CON) participated in one Parkrun only. A nurse facilitated the intervention offering support and encouragement at each Parkrun. MEASUREMENTS: Pre- and post-intervention testing sessions for cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF), glycated hemoglobin, body mass index (BMI), skeletal muscle mass (SMM), body fat, and hand grip strength (STR) were conducted. RESULTS: Parkrun improved CRF (F = 5.308, p = 0.035) and 5000 m time (t = 2.850, p = 0.019) by 5.5 ± 4.9 min (11.2%). Parkrun conferred a large beneficial effect on CRF (η2 = 0.249) a moderate beneficial effect on glycated hemoglobin levels (η2 = 0.119), and small beneficial effects upon SMM (η2 = 0.037) and body fat (η2 = 0.017). CONCLUSION: A weekly dose of nurse facilitated Parkrun can be recommended as a simple, accessible intervention that confers multiple beneficial effects on markers for health in adolescents from a high deprivation area.

The impact of school-based creative bibliotherapy interventions on child and adolescent mental health: a systematic review and realist synthesis protocol.

BACKGROUND: There is a need to identify evidence-based interventions to be delivered in schools that can be used to improve child and adolescent mental health and wellbeing. Creative bibliotherapy is one proposed intervention. However, there has been, to date, no comprehensive assessment of the evidence for its impact on mental health and wellbeing. To fill this gap, we will conduct a systematic review and realist synthesis. METHODS: A systematic search of the bibliographic databases APA PsycINFO, Medline (via Ovid), CINAHL, ERIC, Education Research Complete (via EBSCOhost) and Web of Science (SCI, SSCI, AHCI, ESCI) for school-based creative bibliotherapy interventions on child and adolescent mental health. Types of study to be included: cohort studies, non-randomised comparative evaluations, randomised controlled trials. The data from all included studies will be summarised descriptively and strength of evidence appraised. This is a potentially large field of practice, with heterogeneous interventions; we will use methods from intervention components analysis to describe and categorise the range of components and approaches used in included interventions. To understand how interventions work and in which contexts, we will use methods from realist synthesis to develop an exploratory account of mechanisms in different settings and for different young people (contexts). DISCUSSION: Findings will assess the range of evidence for the impact of creative bibliotherapy on child and adolescent mental health and wellbeing, the strength of evidence for the impact identified, and describe potential mechanisms. This review will be useful for a wide range of stakeholders considering implementing or developing interventions using creative bibliotherapy in school-based settings. SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION: This protocol was registered at the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews ( https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/ ), registration number CRD42023410333. This review is funded by Wellcome Trust (221457/Z/20/Z).

Health Behaviors and Sleep Quality in Portuguese Adolescents: The Moderating Role of Age and Gender / [Los comportamientos relativos a la salud y la calidad del sueño en los adolescentes portugueses: el efecto moderador de la edad y del sexo]

Background: Adolescence is marked by changes such as sleep and health behaviors. This study analyzed the relationships and differences on excessive daytime sleepiness, anxiety and depression symptoms, sleep habits, family sleep behaviors, sleep quality and health behaviors in adolescents including the moderating effect of adolescents’ age and gender. Method: The sample included 272 adolescents, 58% being female. Results: Girls and older adolescents reported worse sleep quality. Older adolescents reported healthier behaviors. Female gender, having a family member with sleep quality problems, coffee intake, anxiety and depression symptoms, daytime sleepiness, and family sleep behaviors contributed to worse sleep quality. Father’s alcohol consumption, anxiety and depression symptoms and family sleep behaviors contributed to adolescents’ sleep habits. Being a girl and an older adolescent were moderators in the relationship between the presence of excessive daytime sleepiness and worse sleep quality. Conclusions: Findings highlight the importance of health promotion programs regarding sleep quality.(AU)

Antecedentes: La adolescencia está marcada por los cambios en el sueño y comportamientos referidos a la salud. Este estudio analizó las relaciones y diferencias en la somnolencia diurna excesiva, los síntomas de ansiedad y depresión, los hábitos de sueño, los comportamientos de sueño familiares, la calidad del sueño, los comportamientos de salud en adolescentes, incluido el efecto moderador de la edad y el sexo de los adolescentes. Método: La muestra de este estudio estaba compuesta por 272 adolescentes, siendo el 58% de sexo femenino. Resultados: Las niñas y los adolescentes mayores indicaron una peor calidad del sueño. Los adolescentes mayores manifestaron comportamientos más saludables. Ser de sexo femenino, tener un familiar con problemas de sueño, consumir café, tener síntomas de ansiedad y depresión, así como somnolencia diurna y conductas de sueño familiares se asocian con una peor calidad del sueño. El consumo de alcohol del padre, los síntomas de ansiedad y depresión y las conductas de sueño familiares se asocian con los hábitos de sueño de los adolescentes. Ser niña y adolescente de mayor edad modera la relación entre la presencia de somnolencia diurna excesiva y peor calidad del sueño. Conclusiones: Los resultados resaltan la importancia de los programas de promoción de la salud en relación con la calidad del sueño.(AU)

Stigma towards Child and Adolescent Mental Health Problems among Fathers and Mothers. A Cross-sectional Study / [El estigma de los padres y madres hacia los problemas de salud mental de niños y adolescentes. Un estudio transversal]

Background: Stigma toward child and adolescent mental health problems among parents has been understudied, despite its importance. Method: Sociodemographic variables, stigma associated with mental health problems in childhood and adolescence, myths about suicide, familiarity with mental health, and seeking professional help were assessed in a cross-sectional study in a Spanish sample (N = 268). Descriptive analyses, mean difference and regression models were carried out. Results: The results reveal medium levels of stigma, the presence of myths about suicide and average familiarity with mental health. Mothers and a higher level of education, showed lower levels of stigma and fewer myths about suicide. A regression model explains the 44% of the variance with myths about suicide, stigma and familiarity with mental health as predictors of seeking professional help attitudes. Conclusions: Stigma, myths surrounding suicide, and parental unfamiliarity with mental health may act as barriers to appropriate diagnosis and treatment. Practical implications and recommendations are discussed.(AU)

Antecedentes: La estigmatización de los problemas de salud mental en niños y adolescentes en los padres y madres no se ha estudiado lo suficiente a pesar de su importancia. Método: Se evaluaron variables sociodemográficas, el estigma asociado con los problemas de salud mental en la infancia y la adolescencia, mitos sobre el suicidio, conocimiento de la salud mental y la búsqueda de ayuda profesional en un estudio exploratorio transversal en una muestra española de padres y madres (N = 268). Se realizaron análisis descriptivos, de diferencia de medias y modelos de regresión. Resultados: Los resultados revelan un nivel medio de estigma, la presencia de mitos sobre el suicidio y un conocimiento medio con la salud mental. Las madres y un mayor nivel educativo mostraron menores niveles de estigma y menos mitos sobre el suicidio. El 44% de la varianza de la búsqueda de ayuda profesional se explica a través de los mitos sobre el suicidio, el estigma y el conocimiento de la salud mental como predictores de las actitudes de búsqueda de ayuda profesional. Conclusiones: Se establecen recomendaciones prácticas, subrayando cómo el estigma, los mitos sobre el suicidio y la falta de conocimiento de los progenitores de la salud mental pueden actuar como barreras para un diagnóstico y tratamiento adecuados. Se discuten las implicaciones prácticas y las recomendaciones.(AU)

Efectos de la pandemia de COVID-19 sobre la salud mental de niños y adolescentes: revisión sistemática y meta-análisis / Effects of the covid-19 pandemic on the mental health of children and adolescents: systematic review and meta-analysis

Introducción: La enfermedad por COVID-19 ha afectado a millones de personas en todo el mundo y ha planteado un desafío sin precedentes a los sistemas de salud, provocando medidas como el distanciamiento social y el confinamiento domiciliario, que han afectado a la vida diaria y las relaciones sociales de la población. El objetivo principal de este artículo fue examinar las consecuencias de estas circunstancias en la salud mental infanto-juvenil. Método: Se realizó una revisión sistemática de la literatura científica disponible en PubMed, PsycINFO, Embase y ScinceDirect, de acuerdo con las recomendaciones de la Declaración PRISMA. La selección de los estudios se realizó en base a los siguientes criterios: estudios de investigación originales, con un diseño metodológico prospectivo, publicados a partir del año 2020 y que en sus resultados evaluaran mediante escalas niveles de depresión, estrés, ansiedad y/o problemas conductuales de la población infanto-juvenil durante la pandemia por SARS-CoV-2. Resultados: De los 334 estudios identificados, 14 cumplían los criterios establecidos para ser incluidos en esta revisión. Se agruparon los resultados en sintomatología internalizante y externalizante. En relación a la sintomatología internalizante, la diferencia de medias pre-post, analizada mediante la d de Cohen, fue de 0.172 (0.036; 0.308) siendo significativa (p = 0.0131). Por el contrario, no se objetivaron diferencias significativas en la sintomatología externalizante (p = 0.7314).Conclusiones: Durante la pandemia se observó un aumento de la sintomatología internalizante, pero no de la externalizante, en niños y adolescentes. Al mismo tiempo, se observaron variaciones que sugieren que el efecto podría estar modulado por factores individuales y contextuales.(AU)

Introduction: COVID-19 disease has affected millions of people worldwide and has posed an unprecedented challenge to health systems, leading to measures such as social distancing and home confinement that have affected the daily life and social relationships of the population. This article reviews the consequences of these circumstances on child and adolescent mental health. Methods: A systematic review of the scientific literature available in PubMed, PsycINFO, Embase and ScinceDirect was carried out, in accordance with the recommendations of the PRISMA Declaration. The selection of studies followed the following criteria: original research studies with a prospective methodological design published from the year 2020 and whose results evaluated levels of depression, stress, anxiety and/or behavioral problems in the child and adolescent population during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic using clinical scales. Results: Of the 334 studies identified, 14 met the criteria established to be included in this review. Results were grouped into internalizing and externalizing symptomatology. In relation to internalizing symptomatology the mean difference pre-post analyzed using Cohen’s d was 0.172 (0.036; 0.308), which was significant (p = 0.0131). No significant differences were observed in externalizing symptomatology (p = 0.7314). Conclusions: During the pandemic an increase in internalizing symptoms was observed, but not in externalizing symptoms, in children and adolescents. Also were observed variations suggesting that the effect could be modulated by individual and contextual factors.(AU)

A meta-analysis of longitudinal studies on the interplay between sleep, mental health, and positive well-being in adolescents / Un metaanálisis de estudios longitudinales sobre la interacción entre el sueño, la salud mental y el bienestar positivo en adolescentes

Objective: This review aimed to summarize longitudinal research about the interplay between sleep, mental health, and positive well-being in adolescents. Method: Multiple search strategies were applied until 28th January 2023 to identify relevant research published in peer-reviewed journal articles or available grey literature. A final set of 63 studies were included in the systematic review and 42 in the meta-analysis. Results: Results highlighted that long sleep duration, good sleep quality, and low insomnia symptoms were bidirectionally related to lower internalizing (Sleep T1 → Internalizing symptoms T2: r = -.20, p < .001; Internalizing symptoms T1 → Sleep T2: r = -.21, p < .001) and externalizing (Sleep T1 → Externalizing symptoms T2: r = -.15, p < .001; Externalizing symptoms T1→ Sleep T2: r = -.17, p < .001) symptoms, and to higher levels of psychological well-being (Sleep T1 → Psychological well-being T2: r = .15, p < .001; Psychological well-being T1 → Sleep T2: r = .15, p < .05). Moreover, good sleep was positively related to higher subjective well-being at a later time point (r = .18, p < .001). Conclusions: Overall, these findings suggest a bidirectional relation between different aspects of sleep, mental health, and positive well-being.(AU)

A qualitative evaluation of stakeholder perspectives on sustainable financing strategies for 'priority' adolescent sexual and reproductive health interventions in Ghana.

BACKGROUND: Adolescent sexual and reproductive health (ASRH) interventions are underfunded in Ghana. We explored stakeholder perspectives on innovative and sustainable financing strategies for priority ASRH interventions in Ghana. METHODS: Using qualitative design, we interviewed 36 key informants to evaluate sustainable financing sources for ASRH interventions in Ghana. Thematic content analysis of primary data was performed. Study reporting followed the consolidated criteria for reporting qualitative research. RESULTS: Proposed conventional financing strategies included tax-based, need-based, policy-based, and implementation-based approaches. Unconventional financing strategies recommended involved getting religious groups to support ASRH interventions as done to mobilize resources for the Ghana COVID-19 Trust Fund during the global pandemic. Other recommendations included leveraging existing opportunities like fundraising through annual adolescent and youth sporting activities to support ASRH interventions. Nonetheless, some participants believed financial, material, and non-material resources must complement each other to sustain funding for priority ASRH interventions. CONCLUSION: There are various sustainable financing strategies to close the funding gap for ASRH interventions in Ghana, but judicious management of financial, material, and non-material resources is needed to sustain priority ASRH interventions in Ghana.

A system dynamics approach to understand Dutch adolescents' sleep health using a causal loop diagram.

BACKGROUND: Healthy sleep is crucial for the physical and mental wellbeing of adolescents. However, many adolescents suffer from poor sleep health. Little is known about how to effectively improve adolescent sleep health as it is shaped by a complex adaptive system of many interacting factors. This study aims to provide insights into the system dynamics underlying adolescent sleep health and to identify impactful leverage points for sleep health promotion interventions. METHODS: Three rounds of single-actor workshops, applying Group Model Building techniques, were held with adolescents (n = 23, 12-15 years), parents (n = 14) and relevant professionals (n = 26). The workshops resulted in a multi-actor Causal Loop Diagram (CLD) visualizing the system dynamics underlying adolescent sleep health. This CLD was supplemented with evidence from the literature. Subsystems, feedback loops and underlying causal mechanisms were identified to understand overarching system dynamics. Potential leverage points for action were identified applying the Action Scales Model (ASM). RESULTS: The resulting CLD comprised six subsystems around the following themes: (1) School environment; (2) Mental wellbeing; (3) Digital environment; (4) Family & Home environment; (5) Health behaviors & Leisure activities; (6) Personal system. Within and between these subsystems, 16 reinforcing and 7 balancing feedback loops were identified. Approximately 60 potential leverage points on different levels of the system were identified as well. CONCLUSIONS: The multi-actor CLD and identified system dynamics illustrate the complexity of adolescent sleep health and supports the need for developing a coherent package of activities targeting different leverage points at all system levels to induce system change.

Indonesian COVID-19 lesson: A mixed-methods study on adolescent health status and health services during pandemic.

TOPIC: The COVID-19 pandemic affected adolescents' physical and psychological health. There must be specific services to cater to the needs of adolescents during COVID-19 in Indonesia. Lessons learned from previous pandemics will be beneficial for nurses and other health professionals to prepare services for future pandemics. PURPOSE: This mixed-method study aimed to examine 459 Indonesian adolescents' health, literacy, preventive measures, and preferred health services during the COVID-19 pandemic. This study also examines sociodemographics, respondent characteristics, health information sources, and media choices. RESULTS: A total of 47.5% of adolescents knew about COVID-19, 26.8% experienced physical health changes, and 61.7% considered wearing masks. Adolescent health information came from teachers (26.6%) and the Internet (32.9%). Psychological changes showed 67.8% irritation. Indonesians preferred online counseling (53.8%) and WhatsApp (45.8%) for pandemic health services. COVID-19 literacy did not affect physical or mental health (p > 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Most adolescents reported mental and physical health changes during COVID-19. Our data suggest that adolescents' strong COVID-19 knowledge did not prevent anxiety and other psychological difficulties. The longitudinal studies could be utilized if pandemic demands social and physical distance. The government, as well as nurses, might utilize WhatsApp-based remote online treatment for health services.

Guidance on sexual, reproductive, maternal, newborn, child and adolescent health in humanitarian and fragile settings: a scoping review.

INTRODUCTION: Progress related to sexual, reproductive, maternal, newborn, child and adolescent health (SRMNCAH) has stalled. COVID-19, conflict and climate change threaten to reverse decades of progress and to ensure the health and well-being of vulnerable populations in humanitarian and fragile settings (HFS) going forward, there is a need for tailored guidance for women, children and adolescents (WCA). This review seeks to map and appraise current resources on SRMNCAH in HFS. METHODS: In line with the updated Joanna Briggs Institute guidance and the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses Extension for Scoping Reviews framework, a manual literature review was conducted of global and regional guidance published between January 2008 and May 2023 from members of the Global Health Cluster, the Global Nutrition Cluster and the Inter-Agency Working Group on Reproductive Health in Crises. A content analysis was conducted. Scores were then calculated according to the Appraisal of Guidelines for Research and Evaluation II scoring tool and subsequently categorised as high quality or low quality. RESULTS: A total of 730 documents were identified. Of these, 141 met the selection criteria and were analysed. Available guidance for delivering SRMNCH services exists, which can inform policy and programming for the general population and WCA. Important gaps related to beneficiaries, health services and health system strengthening strategies were identified. CONCLUSION: The review revealed there is evidence-based guidance available to support interventions targeting WCA in HFS, including: pregnant and lactating women, women of reproductive age, adolescents, newborns, small vulnerable newborns, stillbirths, refugees and internally displaced persons and WCA with disabilities. However, gaps related to beneficiaries, health services and health system strengthening strategies must be addressed in updated guidance that is created, disseminated and monitored in a standardised way that is mindful of the need to respond rapidly in HFS.

El papel de los profesionales de enfermería en el desarrollo y atención de la salud adolescente en Honduras / The role of nursing professionals in the development and care of adolescent health in Honduras / Papel dos profissionais de enfermagem no desenvolvimento e na atenção à saúde de adolescentes em Honduras

[RESUMEN]. Objetivo. Identificar y analizar el papel de los profesionales de enfermería en el desarrollo y la atención de la salud adolescente en Honduras, por medio del análisis de los contenidos de la formación de los estudiantes de enfermería y de las políticas relacionadas con la salud de los adolescentes. Métodos. Estudio de métodos mixtos, con enfoque explicativo secuencial, desarrollado de mayo a julio del 2023 por medio de encuesta con escuelas de enfermería, análisis de los documentos políticos, encuesta con profesionales de enfermería y grupo focal. Datos cuantitativos analizados mediante estadística descriptiva y datos cualitativos analizados mediante el marco teórico de Walt y Gilson. Resultados. Durante la investigación, se analizaron 18 documentos y participaron siete escuelas de enfer- mería, 141 enfermeras y 10 actores clave en posición de liderazgo. Los resultados apuntan a la necesidad de actualizar y difundir el marco normativo, garantizar recursos y estructura para implementar programas intersectoriales y sostenibles, y capacitar a los profesionales. La escuela representa un espacio importante para la implementación de acciones, contexto en el que la adopción de la enfermera escolar puede ser pro- vechosa. Las enfermeras fueron identificadas como protagonistas en la aplicación de los programas y deben ser consideradas en el desarrollo de políticas dirigidas a este público. Conclusiones. Las enfermeras participan en diversas etapas del proceso de implementación de políticas y pueden hacer importantes contribuciones a la salud escolar en el primer nivel de salud. Para ello, es necesa- rio aumentar la capacidad de las enfermeras y docentes de enfermería en temas actuales y relevantes en la atención a los adolescentes.

[ABSTRACT]. Objective. Identify and analyze the role of nursing professionals in the development and care of adolescent health in Honduras, by analyzing the curricular content of the training provided to nursing students with res- pect to adolescent health, and by studying policies on adolescent health. Methods. Mixed methods study, with a sequential explanatory approach, carried out from May to July 2023 through surveys of nursing schools, analysis of policy documents, a survey with nursing professionals, and a focus group. Quantitative data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and qualitative data, applying the theoretical framework of Walt and Gilson. Results. During the research, 18 documents were analyzed and seven nursing schools, 141 nurses, and 10 key actors in leadership positions participated. The results point to the need to update and disseminate the regulatory framework, ensure the necessary resources and structure to implement sustainable intersectoral programs, and train professionals. Schools are an important space for the implementation of actions; in this context, the adoption of school nursing programs could be beneficial. Nurses were identified as key figu- res in program implementation and should be taken into consideration when developing policies aimed at adolescents. Conclusions. Nurses participate in various stages of the policy implementation process and can make impor- tant contributions to school health at the first level of care. To this end, it is necessary to increase the capacities of nurses and nursing educators in relation to current and relevant issues in adolescent care.

[RESUMO]. Objetivo. Identificar e analisar o papel dos profissionais de enfermagem no desenvolvimento e na atenção à saúde de adolescentes em Honduras por meio de análise do conteúdo da formação dos estudantes de enfermagem em saúde de adolescentes e das políticas relacionadas aos adolescentes. Métodos. Estudo de métodos mistos, com abordagem sequencial explanatória, realizado de maio a julho de 2023 por meio de um questionário aplicado a escolas de enfermagem, análise de documentos de política, um questionário aplicado a profissionais de enfermagem e um grupo focal. Os dados quantitativos foram analisados mediante estatísticas descritivas, e os qualitativos, usando o modelo teórico de Walt e Gilson. Resultados. Durante a pesquisa, foram analisados 18 documentos. Sete escolas de enfermagem, 141 pro- fissionais de enfermagem e 10 atores-chave em cargos de liderança participaram do estudo. Os resultados apontam para a necessidade de atualizar e divulgar o marco normativo, garantir recursos e estrutura para a implementação de programas intersetoriais e sustentáveis e capacitar os profissionais. A escola representa um espaço importante para a implementação de ações, contexto no qual a adoção da enfermagem escolar pode ser proveitosa. Os profissionais de enfermagem foram identificados como atores-chave na implemen- tação dos programas e devem ser levados em consideração no desenvolvimento de políticas voltadas para esse público. Conclusões. Os profissionais de enfermagem estão envolvidos em vários estágios do processo de imple- mentação de políticas e podem fazer aportes importantes para a saúde escolar no nível da atenção primária. Para isso, é necessário aumentar a capacitação dos profissionais e docentes de enfermagem em tópicos atuais e relevantes da atenção a adolescentes.